Broadband Telecommunications Handbook

Regis "Bud" J. Bates, McGraw-Hill Professional

ISBN:0071398511, Edition: 2nd, 2002-05-25

Price: $65.00

Table of Contents

Broadband Telecommunications Handbook, Second Edition ~ 1

Chapter 1: Introduction to Telecommunications Concepts ~ 5
Overview ~ 5
Basic Telecommunications Systems ~ 6
Components of the Telecommunications Networks ~ 7
Communications Network Architectures ~ 8
The Local Loop ~ 9
The Movement Toward Fiberoptic Networks ~ 9
Digital Transfer Systems ~ 11
The Intelligent Networks of Tomorrow ~ 11
Summary ~ 12

Chapter 2: Telecommunications Systems ~ 14
Overview ~ 14
What Constitutes a Telecommunications System ~ 14
A Topology of Connections Is Used ~ 15
The Local Loop ~ 16
The Telecommunications Network ~ 17
The Network Hierarchy (Post-1984) ~ 17
The Public-Switched Network ~ 17
The North American Numbering Plan ~ 18
Private Networks ~ 18
Hybrid Networks ~ 18
Hooking Things Up ~ 18
Equipment ~ 19

Chapter 3: Virtual Private Networks ~ 20
History ~ 20
Intelligent PBX Solution ~ 22
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) ~ 22
Users May Not Like It ~ 25

Chapter 4: Data Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) ~ 27
Internet-Based VPN ~ 27
Goals ~ 28
Shared Networks ~ 28
Internet ~ 28
Performance ~ 29
Outsourcing ~ 29
Security ~ 30
Creating the VPN ~ 33
Encryption ~ 33
Key Handling ~ 33
Public Key Cryptography (RSA) ~ 34
Authentication ~ 34
Router-Based VPN ~ 38
Firewall-Based VPN ~ 39
VPN-Specific Boxes ~ 39
Throughput Comparison ~ 40
Remote Management of VPN Components ~ 41
Cost Considerations ~ 41
Proprietary Protocols ~ 41
VoIP VPN ~ 42
Summary ~ 42

Chapter 5: Advanced Intelligent Networks (AINs) ~ 43
Overview ~ 43
Intelligent Networks (INs) ~ 43
Advanced Intelligent Networks (AINs) ~ 44
Information Network Architecture ~ 45
Combining AIN and CTI Services ~ 45
The Intelligent Peripheral (IP) ~ 47
IP Services ~ 48
Software Architecture: Client, Router, Server ~ 49
The Application ~ 49
Results of AIN ~ 50
Focus ~ 51

Chapter 6: Local Number Portability (LNP) ~ 53
Three Flavors of LNP ~ 53
The Road to True LNP ~ 53
Basic LNP Networks ~ 55
The Terminology ~ 56
Before LNP ~ 57
Number Administration and Call Routing in the Network ~ 58
LRN ~ 58
Using a Database Solution ~ 60
Triggering Mechanisms ~ 61
How Is a Telephone Number Ported? ~ 63
Other Issues ~ 63
Switching Systems ~ 64
Billing, Administration, and Maintenance Systems ~ 64
Signaling ~ 64
Operator Services ~ 64
911 Services ~ 65
Simplifying the Wireless E-911 Call ~ 66

Chapter 7: Computer Telephony Integration (CTI) ~ 68
Overview ~ 68
The Computer World ~ 69
Other Possibilities ~ 71
Why All the Hype? ~ 73
Linking Computers and Communications ~ 74
The Technology Advancement ~ 76
The Final Bond ~ 77

Chapter 8: Signaling System 7 (SS7) ~ 79
Overview ~ 79
Presignaling System 7 ~ 79
Introduction to SS7 ~ 80
Purpose of the SS7 Network ~ 81
What Is Out-of-Band Signaling? ~ 81
Why Out-of-Band Signaling? ~ 82
The SS7 Network Architecture ~ 82
SS7 Interconnection ~ 84
Basic Functions of the SS7 Network ~ 84
Signaling Links ~ 84
The Link Architecture ~ 86
Links and Linksets ~ 87
Combined Linksets ~ 87
Routes and Routesets ~ 88
SS7 Protocol Stack ~ 90
Basic Call Setup with ISUP ~ 91
SS7 Applications ~ 92
SS7 and IP ~ 92
SCTP ~ 93
VoIP Impacts ~ 95
Overview of SIP Functionality ~ 95
VoIP Telephony Signaling ~ 97
SS7 and Wireless Intelligent Networks ~ 97
GSM Network Connection to SS7 Networks ~ 98
The Signaling Protocol Stack for GSM ~ 99

Chapter 9: CTI Technologies and Applications ~ 101
Overview ~ 101
Understanding Computer Telephony Technologies ~ 101
Voice Processing ~ 101
Telephone Network Interfaces ~ 101
Tone Processing ~ 102
Facsimile (Fax) ~ 102
Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) ~ 102
Text-to-Speech (TTS) ~ 102
Switching ~ 102
Understanding Computer Telephony Solutions ~ 103
Information Access and Processing Applications ~ 103
AudioText ~ 103
Voice Recording for Transaction Logging ~ 103
Technology Enhancements ~ 104
Other Technologies ~ 105
Automated Attendant ~ 106
Integrated Voice Recognition and Response (IVR) ~ 106
Fax-Back and Fax Processing ~ 107
Fax-on-Demand (FOD) ~ 107
Interactive Fax Response (IFR) ~ 107
E-mail Reader ~ 107
Text-to-Speech and Speech-to-Text ~ 108
Optical Character Recognition (OCR) ~ 108
Summary ~ 108

Chapter 10: Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) ~ 110
Overview ~ 110
Origins of ISDN ~ 110
Origins of the Standards ~ 111
Interfaces ~ 111
Interface Components ~ 115
NT1 ~ 115
NT2 ~ 115
TE1 ~ 116
TE2 ~ 116
TA ~ 116
Physical Delivery ~ 116
The U Interface ~ 118
The Physical Interface ~ 120
Applications of the ISDN Interface ~ 120
Multiple Channels ~ 120
Telephone ~ 121
Digital Fax ~ 121
Analog Fax ~ 121
Computer/Video Conferencing ~ 121
Signaling ~ 121
Telemetry ~ 121
Packet Switching ~ 121
Primary-Rate ISDN ~ 122
H0 Channels ~ 122
H11 Channels ~ 122
H12 Channels ~ 123
Signaling on the D Channel ~ 123
Installation Problems ~ 124
BRI Application ~ 125
Broadband ISDN ~ 126
Definitions ~ 126
Conclusion ~ 129

Chapter 11: Frame Relay ~ 130
Overview ~ 130
Frame Relay Defined ~ 130
What Can Frame Relay Bring to the Table? ~ 131
Where People Use Frame Relay ~ 132
The Frame ~ 134
The OSI Protocol Stack and Frame Relay ~ 135
Frame Relay Speeds ~ 138
Frame Relay Access ~ 139
Overall Frame Relay Core Protocols ~ 140
Carriers' Implementation of IP-Enabled Frame Relay ~ 141
Frame Relay Versus IP ~ 142
Voice over Frame Relay (VoFR) ~ 142
Compressing the Information on VoFR ~ 144
Provisioning PVCs and SVCs ~ 144
Benefits of SVCs ~ 145
Frame Relay Selected for Wireless Data on GPRS ~ 146

Chapter 12: Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) ~ 147
Overview ~ 147
What Is ATM? ~ 147
Why the Interest in ATM? ~ 149
ATM Protocols ~ 150
Mapping Circuits Through an ATM Network ~ 152
The ATM Layered Architecture ~ 154
ATM Traffic Management ~ 155
Contention Management ~ 156
The Double Leaky Bucket ~ 158
Categories of Service ~ 160
Getting to the Elusive QoS ~ 161
Shaping the Traffic ~ 161
Normal Bandwidth Allocation ~ 162
What Is MPOA? ~ 163
LANE ~ 163
Voice over DSL and over ATM (VoDSL and VoATM) ~ 166
ATM Suitability for Voice Traffic ~ 168
Integrated Access at the Local Loop ~ 168

Chapter 13: ATM and Frame Relay Internetworking ~ 170
Overview ~ 170
ATM and Frame Relay Compared ~ 170
Frame Relay Revisited ~ 171
ATM Revisited ~ 172
The Frame and ATM Merger ~ 173
Transparency Across the Network ~ 173
Frame User-to-Network Interface (FUNI) ~ 175
Data Exchange Interface (DXI) ~ 175
What Constitutes a Frame? ~ 177
FUNI Interoperability ~ 179
Network Interworking ~ 179
Service Interworking Functions ~ 180
The DXI Interface ~ 181
DXI Mode 1 A/B ~ 181
DXI Protocol Mode 1A ~ 182
DXI Protocol Mode 1B ~ 183
XI Mode 2 ~ 184
DXI Protocol Mode 2 ~ 185
Summary ~ 185

Chapter 14: Cable TV Systems ~ 186
Overview ~ 186
Cable Television Transmission ~ 187
The Cable Infrastructure ~ 188
The Cable Television Distribution System ~ 190
Signal Level ~ 190
Digital Video on Cable TV Systems ~ 191
Forming a Digital Video Signal ~ 192
Key Features of Digital Modulation ~ 193
DTV Solution Introduction ~ 193

Chapter 15: Cable Modem Systems and Technology ~ 196
Overview ~ 196
Cable TV Technology ~ 197
The New Market ~ 199
System Upgrades ~ 199
Cable Modems ~ 200
Standards ~ 202
Return Path ~ 203
Applications ~ 204
The Combined Corporate and End User Networking Strategies ~ 205
A Final Thought ~ 206

Chapter 16: xDSL ~ 207
Overview ~ 207
ADSL Defined ~ 207
Modem Technologies ~ 208
The Analog Modem History ~ 209
IDSL ~ 210
HDSL ~ 211
SDSL ~ 213
ADSL ~ 214
RADSL ~ 214
CDSL ~ 214
SHDSL ~ 214
VDSL ~ 215
The Hype of DSL Technologies ~ 216
xDSL Coding Techniques ~ 217
Discreet Multitone ~ 217
Using DMT for the Universal ADSL Service (G.Lite) ~ 218
To Split or Not to Split ~ 219
CAP ~ 220
Provisioning xDSL ~ 221
Final Comment on Deployment ~ 225

Chapter 17: Microwave- and Radio-Based Systems ~ 227
Overview ~ 227
Other Applications ~ 231
How Do You Make the Right Choices? ~ 232
What About Bandwidth? ~ 233
How Much Is Enough? ~ 234
What About Reliability? ~ 234
The Choices Are Leased Lines, Fiber, or Microwave ~ 234
Microwave and the Other Wireless Solutions ~ 235
Microwave Radio Solutions ~ 235
Private User Microwave ~ 236

Chapter 18: MMDS and LMDS ~ 239
Overview ~ 239
Limited Frequency Spectrum ~ 239
System Configuration ~ 240
Wireless Cable Sources ~ 241
Advantages of Using MMDS ~ 242
Internet Access ~ 242
Key Elements ~ 242
The Head-End ~ 243
The Transmit Antenna ~ 243
The Transmission Line ~ 243
Channel Combiners ~ 243
Local Multipoint Distribution Service (LMDS) ~ 243
Enter the Competitive Discussion ~ 244
WLL ~ 245
Not for Everyone ~ 246
What About the Bandwidth? ~ 248
Enter LMDS ~ 248
The Reasoning Behind LMDS ~ 249
Network Architectures Available to the Carriers ~ 251
Modulation and Access Techniques ~ 252
Two-Way Service ~ 252
Propagation Issues ~ 253

Chapter 19: Specialized Mobile Radio (SMR) ~ 254
Overview ~ 254
Improved Spectral Efficiency ~ 256
Motorola's VSELP-Coding Signals for Efficient Transmission ~ 256
QAM Modulation ~ 257
Multiplied Channel Capacity ~ 257
The Advantage of Integration ~ 257
A Short Overview of Trunked Radio ~ 257
The Control Channel (CC) ~ 259
Service Areas and Licensing Blocks ~ 260
Innovation and Integration ~ 261
Spectral Efficiency with Frequency Hopping ~ 261
Digital Transition ~ 262
Is There Still a Benefit from Two-Way Radio? ~ 263
What Kind of Savings Can Your Business Expect? ~ 263
When Will You Need a Radio Service Provider? ~ 263

Chapter 20: Cellular Communications ~ 264
Overview ~ 264
Coverage Areas ~ 264
Analog Cellular Systems ~ 265
Log On ~ 266
Monitoring Control Channels ~ 267
Failing Signal ~ 267
Setup of a Call ~ 268
Setup of an Incoming Call ~ 268
Handoff ~ 269
Setting Up the Handoff ~ 269
The Handoff Occurs ~ 269
Completion of the Handoff ~ 270
The Cell Site (Base Station) ~ 270
The Mobile Telephone Switching Office (MTSO) ~ 271
Frequency Reuse Plans and Cell Patterns ~ 271
Overlapping Coverage ~ 272
Cell Site Configurations ~ 273
Sectorized Cell Coverage ~ 274
Tiered Sites ~ 275
Reuse of Frequencies ~ 275
Allocation of Frequencies ~ 276
Establishing a Call from a Landline to a Mobile ~ 276

Chapter 21: Global Services Mobile Communications (GSM) ~ 278
History of Cellular Mobile Radio and GSM ~ 278
Benchmarks in GSM ~ 278
GSM Metrics ~ 279
Cell Structure ~ 280
Types of Cells ~ 283
Analog to Digital Movement ~ 286
Teleservices ~ 287
Bearer Services ~ 287
Supplementary Services ~ 288
GSM Architecture ~ 289
Mobile Equipment or MS ~ 290
SIM ~ 290
The MS Function ~ 291
The Base Transceiver Station (BTS) ~ 292
The Base Station Controller (BSC) ~ 293
BSS ~ 293
The TRAU ~ 293
Locating the TRAU ~ 294
MSC ~ 294
The Registers Completing the Network Switching Systems (NSSs) ~ 295
The Cell ~ 296
Location Area ~ 297
MSC/VLR Service Area ~ 297
OSI Model -How GSM Signaling Functions in the OSI Model ~ 297
Layer Functionality ~ 298
MS Protocols ~ 299
The MS to BTS Protocols ~ 299
BSC Protocols ~ 300
MSC Protocols ~ 300
Defining the Channels ~ 300
Frequencies Allocated ~ 301
Primary GSM ~ 301
Radio Assignment ~ 302
Frequency Pairing ~ 302
Extended GSM Radio Frequencies ~ 302
Modulation ~ 303
Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) ~ 303
Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) ~ 304
Phase Shift Keying (PSK) ~ 304
Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK) ~ 305
Access Methods ~ 306
FDMA ~ 306
TDMA ~ 306
CDMA ~ 307
TDMA Frames ~ 308
Time Slot Use ~ 309
GSM FDMA/TDMA Combination ~ 309
Logical Channels ~ 309
The Physical Layer ~ 310
Speech Coding on the Radio Link ~ 310
Channel Coding ~ 311
Convolutional Coding ~ 311

Chapter 22: Personal Communications Services ~ 312
Overview ~ 312
Digital Systems ~ 312
Digital Cellular Evolution ~ 313
TDMA ~ 314
CDMA ~ 315
Spread Spectrum Services ~ 316
Capacity Gain ~ 318
The CDMA Cellular Standard ~ 318
Spread Spectrum Goals ~ 319
Spread Spectrum Services ~ 320
Synchronization ~ 320
Balancing the Systems ~ 321
Common Air Interfaces ~ 322
The Forward Channel ~ 322
The Reverse Channel ~ 322
Walsh Codes ~ 323
Traffic Channel ~ 323
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum ~ 323
Seamless Networking with IS-41 and SS7 ~ 325
Automatic Roaming ~ 325
Cellular and PCS Suppliers ~ 325
Final Thoughts ~ 326

Chapter 23: Wireless Data Communications (Mobile IP) ~ 328
Overview ~ 328
IP Routing ~ 330
Part of the Solution ~ 331
Applications That Demand Mobile IP ~ 332
Speed Isn't Everything ~ 334
Variations in Data Communications (Wireless) ~ 334
Possible Drawbacks with Wireless ~ 335
Pros and Cons to Wireless ~ 335

Chapter 24: General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) ~ 337
Overview ~ 337
The New Wave of Internet User ~ 338
GPRS ~ 340
The GPRS Story ~ 341
What Is GPRS? ~ 342
Motivation for GPRS ~ 343
Evolution of Wireless Data ~ 344
Wireless Data Technology Options ~ 345
The GSM Phase II Overlay Network ~ 347
Circuit-Switched or Packet-Switched Traffic ~ 348
GPRS Radio Technologies ~ 350
Cells and Routing Areas ~ 350
Attaching to the Serving GPRS Support Node ~ 351
PDP Contexts ~ 352
Data Transfer ~ 353
GSM and NA-TDMA Evolution ~ 354
Applications for GPRS ~ 355
Chat ~ 355
Textual and Visual Information ~ 355
Still Images ~ 356
Moving Images ~ 356
Web Browsing ~ 356
Document Sharing/Collaborative Working ~ 356
Audio ~ 356
Job Dispatch ~ 357
Corporate E-mail ~ 357
Internet E-mail ~ 357
Vehicle Positioning ~ 357
Remote LAN Access ~ 358
File Transfer ~ 358
Home Automation ~ 358

Chapter 25: Third-Generation (3G) Wireless Systems ~ 359
Overview ~ 359
GPRS ~ 360
EDGE ~ 362
What Is Special about EDGE? ~ 364
UMTS ~ 364
WCDMA ~ 365
WCDMA Features ~ 365
Mobile Internet - A Way of Life ~ 366
Rich Voice ~ 367
Applications of the Wireless Internet ~ 369
Visions of Wireless ~ 369
Positioning the Mobile Industry ~ 371
Key Technologies ~ 372
UTRA ~ 372
Multimode Second Generation/UMTS Terminals ~ 373
Satellite Systems ~ 373
USIM Cards/Smart Cards ~ 373
IP Compatibility ~ 374
Spectrum for UMTS ~ 374
The cdma2000 Family of Standards ~ 375
Purpose ~ 375

Chapter 26: Satellite Communications Networking ~ 377
Uses of Satellites in Agriculture ~ 377
Uses of Satellites in Oceanography ~ 377
Commercial Providers ~ 377
History of Satellites ~ 378
How Do Satellites Work? ~ 378
Satellite Frequency Bands ~ 379
Geosynchronous-Earth-Orbit (GEO) Satellites ~ 381
Medium-Earth-Orbit (MEO) Satellites ~ 382
Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) Satellites ~ 382
Orbital Slots ~ 382
Communications ~ 383
Satellite Installations ~ 383
LEO Versus GEO ~ 386
Niches in the GEO Sphere ~ 386
LEO Meets GEO ~ 386
Space Security Unit ~ 387
The Market for the Network ~ 387
Satellite Characteristics ~ 389
Latency ~ 389
Noise ~ 389
Bandwidth ~ 390
Advantages ~ 390
TCP/IP over Satellite ~ 390
Satellite and ATM ~ 391
Charting the Rules for the Internet ~ 392
Tailoring IP Can Accelerate Throughput ~ 392

Chapter 27: Low-Earth-Orbit Satellites (LEOs) ~ 394
Overview ~ 394
Low-Earth Orbit ~ 395
So What Happened? ~ 399
The Benefits of These Service Offerings ~ 399
Deployment and Spacing of Satellites ~ 400
The Space Segment ~ 401
The Cell Patterns ~ 403
Traffic Carrying Capacity ~ 404
Modulation Techniques ~ 404
The Gateway Segment ~ 405
The Earth Terminal ~ 405
The Switching Equipment ~ 405
Interconnecting to the PSTN ~ 405
The System Control Portion ~ 406
Other Competitors to Iridium ~ 406
Loral-Qualcomm ~ 406

Chapter 28: The T Carrier Systems (T-1/T-2 and T-3) ~ 408
Overview ~ 408
The Difference Between T-x and DS-x ~ 408
DS-1 Framing Review ~ 409
Pulse Coded Modulation (PCM) ~ 410
The E-1 Pattern ~ 412
The Framing Protocols: D4 Framing ~ 412
Contrasting the E-1 and DS-1 Frame ~ 413
Extended Superframe Format (ESF) ~ 414
Other Restrictions ~ 415
B8ZS ~ 416
T-2 Transmission (or DS-2) ~ 417
DS-2 Bit Stuffing ~ 418
Framing Bits for the DS-2 ~ 418
DS-3 Service (T-3) ~ 420
The DS-3 Frame Format ~ 420
DS-3 Bit Stuffing ~ 421
The DS-3 Overhead Bits ~ 421

Chapter 29: Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) ~ 422
Overview ~ 422
Background Leading to SONET Development ~ 422
Synchronizing the Digital Signals ~ 423
The SONET Signal ~ 423
Why Bother Synchronizing? ~ 424
The SONET Frame ~ 425
Overhead ~ 425
Inside the STS-1 Frame ~ 427
SONET Overhead ~ 427
Section Overhead ~ 428
Line Overhead ~ 429
POH ~ 431
Virtual Tributaries ~ 432
SONET Multiplexing Functions ~ 433
Add-Drop Multiplexing: A SONET Benefit ~ 433
SONET Topologies ~ 434
Point-to-Point ~ 434
Point-to-Multipoint ~ 435
Hub and Spoke ~ 435
Ring ~ 436
Evolution of SONET in the Rest of the World ~ 436
SDH ~ 437

Chapter 30: Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)[1] ~ 439
Overview ~ 439
Why SDH/SONET ~ 440
Synchronous Communications ~ 440
Plesiochronous ~ 440
SDH ~ 441
Data Transmission Rates ~ 442
Some Differences to Note ~ 443
The Multiplexing Scheme ~ 443
Why the Hype? ~ 451
The Model as It Pertains to SDH ~ 452

Chapter 31: Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM) ~ 454
Overview ~ 454
WDM ~ 454
Fiber Optics Summarized ~ 456
Multimode Fiber ~ 457
Single Mode Fiber ~ 458
Benefits of Fiber over Other Forms of Media ~ 458
Back to WDM ~ 459
Why DWDM? ~ 460

Chapter 32: The Internet ~ 463
A Brief History ~ 463
Early Internet Services ~ 465
Gopher ~ 465
Veronica ~ 465
Wide Area Information Service (WAIS) ~ 466
World Wide Web (WWW) ~ 466
Browsers ~ 466
Hypertext ~ 466
Hyperlink ~ 467
Universal Resource Locator (URL) ~ 467
Directory/Domain Name Service (DNS) ~ 468
Java ~ 468
Surfing the Web ~ 469
Tracking Visitors ~ 469
Cookies ~ 469
Search Engines ~ 470
Standards ~ 470
Internet Operation ~ 471
Connectionless Network Services (CLNS) ~ 474
Options and Padding ~ 476
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) ~ 476
The Fields in the TCP Header ~ 476
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) ~ 477
IP Addressing ~ 478
Routers Versus Gateways ~ 478
Subnetting ~ 480
Network Address Translation (NAT) ~ 482
DHCP, BOOTP, ARP, and RARP ~ 483
Routing ~ 484
Dynamic Routing Tables ~ 486
Routing Versus Switching ~ 487
Real-time Applications ~ 488
Multi-protocol Label Switching (MPLS) ~ 488
Summary ~ 489

Chapter 33: Voice over IP (VoIP) ~ 490
Overview ~ 490
VoIP ~ 492
QoS ~ 494
Applications for VoIP ~ 497
H.323 Protocol Suites ~ 499
Delay and Jitter on VoIP Networks ~ 503
Protocol Stack ~ 504

Chapter 34: Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) ~ 508
Overview ~ 508
Standard IP Networking ~ 508
Subnet Masking ~ 513
Rules of Routing ~ 515
Variable Length Subnet Masks (VLSM) ~ 516
The Longest Match Syndrome ~ 516
Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR) ~ 517
Enter MPLS ~ 517
Traffic Engineering ~ 518
QoS Routing ~ 519
MPLS Forwarding Model ~ 520
MPLS Components ~ 521

Chapter 35: Intranets and Extranets ~ 522
Overview ~ 522
Managing the Intranet ~ 523
Web Page Organization ~ 523
Document Security ~ 525
Collaboration ~ 525
Maintaining Interest ~ 525
Jokes ~ 525
Forms ~ 526
Transition Intranet Solutions ~ 526
Portal Products or Customized Web Pages ~ 526
Building a Community ~ 527
Bulletin Board Service ~ 528
Customer Service ~ 528
Thin Clients ~ 528
Extranets ~ 529
Inventory Management ~ 529
Wholesale ~ 529
Secondary Markets ~ 529
Privacy Issues ~ 530
Perishable Goods Application ~ 531
Purchasing Cooperatives ~ 531
Outsourcing ~ 532
Computer Hardware Vendor ~ 533
Automating Customer Service ~ 533
Implementing Extranets ~ 535
Intranet ~ 535
Extranet ~ 535
TCP Filtering ~ 536
Stand-Alone System ~ 537
Virus Checking ~ 538
Firewall Rules Bases ~ 539
Firewall Performance (Again) ~ 541
Proxies ~ 541
Forward Proxy ~ 542
Reverse Proxy ~ 542
Proxy Security ~ 543
Administration ~ 544
Firewalls ~ 545
Proxy ~ 545
Domain Name System (DNS) ~ 545
Fungible Services ~ 546

Chapter 36: Network Management SNMP ~ 547
Overview ~ 547
Network Management Goals ~ 547
History ~ 548
Network Management Function Interaction ~ 549
Database Structure ~ 550
Architecture ~ 552
Network Management System Issues ~ 554
Bundling ~ 554
The GUI ~ 554
Network Size ~ 555
Web-Enabled GUI ~ 555
Alarm History ~ 555
Alarm Presentation ~ 556
Statistics ~ 556
Free Trials ~ 556
Network Mapping ~ 556
SNMPv3 ~ 559
Security ~ 559
Java ~ 560
List of Figures ~ 562
List of Tables ~ 571